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Renal Hypertension: What It Is, Causes, and Symptoms

What is Renal Hypertension?

Renal hypertension is high blood pressure caused by kidney disease. In many cases, the kidneys help control blood pressure. However, when the kidneys do not work well, blood pressure can rise. This type of high blood pressure is also called renovascular hypertension. For many people, it can be hard to notice at first. Still, it is important to understand because it can lead to serious health problems. According to the CDC, kidney disease is a common cause of high blood pressure in adults.

Causes of Renal Hypertension

There are several causes of renal hypertension. Most often, it happens when blood flow to the kidneys is reduced. Because of this, the kidneys send signals to raise blood pressure. Here are some common causes of renal hypertension:

  • Narrowing of kidney arteries (renal artery stenosis)
  • Chronic kidney disease
  • Blockages or clots in blood vessels to the kidneys
  • Inflammation of the kidney’s blood vessels

    • Sometimes, these problems develop slowly. Other times, they can happen quickly. Either way, the kidneys struggle to control blood pressure. As a result, high blood pressure caused by kidney disease can become hard to manage.

    Symptoms of Renal Hypertension

    Often, renal hypertension does not cause clear symptoms at first. However, as the condition gets worse, you may notice signs. It is important to pay attention to these symptoms of renal hypertension:

  • Headaches that do not go away
  • Dizziness or feeling lightheaded
  • Blurred vision
  • Shortness of breath
  • Swelling in the legs, ankles, or feet
  • Sudden weight gain from fluid buildup
  • Fatigue or feeling weak

    • Sometimes, people learn they have renal hypertension only after a doctor checks their blood pressure. Because symptoms can be mild, regular check-ups are important. According to the World Health Organization, early detection can help prevent complications.

    When to See a Doctor

    If you notice any symptoms listed above, you should talk to a doctor. In addition, if you have kidney disease or a family history of high blood pressure, regular check-ups are wise. Early treatment can help prevent kidney damage and other health problems. You should see a doctor right away if you have:

  • Very high blood pressure (above 180/120 mmHg)
  • Severe headaches or chest pain
  • Sudden vision changes
  • Trouble breathing

    • These signs can mean a medical emergency. Therefore, do not wait to get help.

    Conclusion and Next Steps

    Renal hypertension is high blood pressure caused by kidney disease. Because it can be silent at first, regular check-ups are important. If you notice symptoms or have risk factors, talk to your doctor. Early care can protect your kidneys and your heart. For personalized advice on renal hypertension, consult a healthcare professional.